英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)是兩種差異比較大的語(yǔ)言，在生活中需要用到翻譯的時(shí)候越來(lái)越多，今天上海臻云翻譯公司帶大家了解英譯漢的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)有什么?
English and Chinese are two languages with great differences. Translation is needed more and more in our daily life. Today, Shanghai Zhenyun translation company takes you to understand the language features of English Chinese translation?
1、英語(yǔ)愛(ài)用靜態(tài)詞，漢語(yǔ)常用動(dòng)態(tài)詞
1. English likes to use static words, while Chinese often uses dynamic words
英語(yǔ)喜歡使用靜態(tài)詞匯，具體體現(xiàn)在較多的使用名詞和形容詞。而漢語(yǔ)則多使用動(dòng)態(tài)詞匯例如動(dòng)詞連用等。因此英譯漢時(shí)常常把原文中表示動(dòng)作意義的靜態(tài)敘述轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)態(tài)敘述。
English likes to use static vocabulary, which is embodied in the use of more nouns and adjectives. In Chinese, dynamic words, such as verb conjunction, are often used. Therefore, when translating English into Chinese, the static narration expressing the action meaning in the original text is often converted into the dynamic narration in Chinese.
2、英語(yǔ)重物稱，漢語(yǔ)重人稱
2. In English, people are important in Chinese
英語(yǔ)較常用物稱表達(dá)法，即不用人稱主語(yǔ)來(lái)敘述，而是表達(dá)客觀事物如何作用于人的感知，讓事物以客觀的口氣呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。漢語(yǔ)則注重主體思維，往往從自我出發(fā)來(lái)敘述客觀事物，或傾向于描述人及其行為或狀態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)也常常隱含人稱或省略人稱。
The objective way of expressing things is to express things in a more objective way. Chinese pays attention to the subject thinking, often from the self to describe the objective things, or tend to describe people and their behavior or state. Chinese also often implies or omits person.
3、英語(yǔ)的形合和漢語(yǔ)的意合
3. Hypotaxis in English and Parataxis in Chinese
相對(duì)于漢語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)是一種更加注重形式化的語(yǔ)言，主要體現(xiàn)在運(yùn)用詞匯來(lái)聯(lián)系各個(gè)分句，如我們熟知的“and”用來(lái)表示并列連接;“if”用來(lái)表示假設(shè)條件關(guān)系;“because”用來(lái)表示因果關(guān)系，雖然說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)句式也有一定數(shù)量的連接詞連接，但是使用頻率較之英語(yǔ)小得多。在漢語(yǔ)中，我們通常不用或者少用連接詞來(lái)表達(dá)意思，英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的這種區(qū)別就是我們所說(shuō)的形合——強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性和形態(tài)的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密緊湊，主次分明;意合——強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容和表意的完整性，靠語(yǔ)意的邏輯將句子串起。
Compared with Chinese, English is a more formalized language, which is mainly reflected in the use of vocabulary to connect various clauses. For example, "and" as we know it, is used to express parallel connection; "if" is used to represent hypothetical relationship; and "is used to express the relationship between assumptions and conditions; "Because" is used to express causality. Although there are a certain number of conjunctions in Chinese sentence patterns, they are used much less frequently than in English. In Chinese, we usually don't use or use less conjunctions to express meanings. The difference between English and Chinese is what we call hypotaxis, which emphasizes the integrity of structure and the preciseness of form. The structure is tight and compact, and the primary and secondary is clear; parataxis emphasizes the integrity of content and ideographic, and connects sentences by semantic logic.
