商務(wù)英語的翻譯方法有什么？

  商務(wù)英語內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、具有實用性，對譯員的要求較高，那么商務(wù)英語的翻譯方法有什么?下面上海臻云人工翻譯機構(gòu)給大家分享：

  Business English content is rigorous, complex, practical, and requires a high level of translators. What are the translation methods of business English? Let's share with you:

  1.順序翻譯法
  1. Sequential translation

  所謂順譯法就是按照原文的順序組織譯文。在商務(wù)英語中，當(dāng)語句陳述的是一連串的動作并按發(fā)生的時間安排或邏輯關(guān)系排列時，此類語句與漢語的表達(dá)方式較一致"可按原文的順序譯出。

  The so-called sequential translation is to organize the translation according to the order of the original text. In Business English, when the statements are a series of actions and arranged according to the time or logical relationship, they are more consistent with the Chinese way of expression.

  2.反譯法
  2. counter translation

  英漢兩種語言結(jié)構(gòu)存在很大差異。英語重心在前，漢語重心在后，漢語長句采用總結(jié)式。多把信息點放在后面，越往后越重要。如果一個句子既有敘事又有表態(tài)"漢語就把敘事部分放在前。表態(tài)部分放在后，英語則相反，常常把表態(tài)部分放在句首，譯成漢語時則將其放在句末"從而形成反譯，一些帶有否定意義的詞。

  There are great differences between English and Chinese language structures. The focus of English is in the first place, the focus of Chinese is in the second place, and the long sentences in Chinese adopt the summative form. Put more information points at the back, more important later. If a sentence has both narration and expression, "Chinese puts the narrative part first. On the contrary, in English, the former is often placed at the beginning of the sentence and the latter at the end of the sentence when translated into Chinese.

  3.詞義引申翻譯法
  3. Word meaning extension translation

  詞義引申翻譯法，就是根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，通過句中詞或詞組乃至整句的字面意義由表及里，運用一些符合漢語習(xí)慣的表達(dá)法，選用確切的漢語詞句，將原文內(nèi)容的實質(zhì)準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)出來。

  According to the internal relationship of the context, word meaning extension translation is to express the essence of the original content accurately through the literal meaning of the words or phrases in the sentence and even the whole sentence from the outside to the inside, using some expressions in line with the Chinese custom, selecting the exact Chinese words and sentences.

  從詞義角度看，引申可分為抽象化引申和具體化引申。從句法層面來看，引申可分為邏輯引申、語用引申、修辭引申、概念范圍的調(diào)整。將詞義做抽象化引申是指對原文中某些字面意義明確具體的詞，采用漢語中的含義抽象、概括的詞語來表達(dá)。將此一具體化引申就是指，將代表抽象概念或者屬性的詞來表達(dá)一種具體事物的時候，用具體化的事物來表達(dá)，還其具體的本來面目，使讀者一目了然。邏輯引申就是在翻譯的過程中，由于直譯某個詞、短語乃至整個句子會使譯文不通順以及不符合目的語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，因而就要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，對該詞、短語或整個句子從其本意出發(fā)，由表及里，運用符合目的語習(xí)慣的表現(xiàn)法，選用確切的詞句，將原文內(nèi)容的實質(zhì)準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)出來。語義引申就是把原文中的弦外之音補益出來，就屬于語用學(xué)引申的手法。語用學(xué)是非語義學(xué)的語用意義，一般都不通過詞匯、語法手段表示，它是非規(guī)約性的、潛在的;受話人憑借交際能力來理解這種語用意義，換句話說，它是結(jié)合交際對方、交際目的和交際情景，從說話人詞語中引申出來的意義。除此之外還有修辭引申、概念等引申的翻譯方法。

  From the perspective of word meaning, extension can be divided into abstract extension and concrete extension. From the syntactic level, extension can be divided into logical extension, pragmatic extension, rhetorical extension and the adjustment of concept range. Abstract extension of word meaning refers to words with clear and specific literal meaning in the original text, which are expressed by words with abstract and general meaning in Chinese. The extension of concretization refers to that when the words representing abstract concepts or attributes are used to express a specific thing, the concrete thing is used to express it, and its concrete nature is also made clear to the reader at a glance. Logical extension means that in the process of translation, because literal translation of a word, phrase or even the whole sentence will make the translation not smooth and not conform to the expression habits of the target language, it is necessary to select the exact words and sentences according to the logical relationship of the context, from the original meaning of the word, phrase or the whole sentence, from the table and the inside, using the expression method conforming to the habits of the target language, so as to make the original content To express the essence of. Semantic extension is to supplement the sound outside the original, which belongs to pragmatic extension. Pragmatics is a non semantic pragmatic meaning, which is generally not expressed by vocabulary and grammar means. It is non prescriptive and potential. The addressee understands this pragmatic meaning by means of communicative ability, in other words, it is the meaning extended from the speaker's words by combining the communicative target, communicative purpose and communicative situation. Besides, there are also translation methods of rhetorical extension and concept extension.

  4.凝練翻譯法
  4. Concise translation

  商務(wù)英語中部分語句的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，信息量大，單憑一種方法很難翻譯到位。翻譯這類語句時，要根據(jù)具體情況，理清修飾語和中心詞的關(guān)系以及修飾語內(nèi)部各個成分之間的關(guān)系。把各種方法合理地綜合運用、靈活處理，既忠實地再現(xiàn)原文內(nèi)容，又保證譯文通順，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，句子流暢。從語言特點上看，英語為形合，而漢語則為神合。

  The structure of some sentences in Business English is complex and the amount of information is large, so it is difficult to translate them by one method alone. When translating such sentences, we should make clear the relationship between modifiers and central words, as well as the relationship between the internal components of modifiers. By using all kinds of methods reasonably and flexibly, we can not only reproduce the original content faithfully, but also ensure that the translation is smooth, accurate and fluent. In terms of linguistic features, English is hypotaxis, while Chinese is parataxis.

  5.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯法
  5. Part of speech translation

  轉(zhuǎn)換是指商務(wù)英語翻譯中語言的詞性和表現(xiàn)方法的改變。由于英語和漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞的搭配關(guān)系都有差異，在翻譯中往往難以做到詞性和表現(xiàn)方法的一致。為了適應(yīng)譯文語言的表達(dá)習(xí)慣和語法規(guī)則，在商務(wù)英語翻譯中需要運用詞類和表現(xiàn)方法的轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯技巧。商務(wù)英語中為了達(dá)到委婉表達(dá)的效果，往往多使用被動句，這與漢語的表達(dá)大不相同。因此，英語被動句在譯成漢語時不存在現(xiàn)成的對應(yīng)表達(dá)方式，而需要依據(jù)漢語的習(xí)慣用法，從豐富的句式和輔助詞語中挑選一些適當(dāng)?shù)氖侄蝸肀憩F(xiàn)出原文的被動含義。

  Transformation refers to the change of part of speech and expression method in Business English translation. Due to the differences in expression habits, sentence structure and collocation between English and Chinese, it is difficult to achieve the consistency of part of speech and expression methods in translation. In order to adapt to the expression habits and grammar rules of the target language, it is necessary to use the translation skills of parts of speech and expression methods in Business English translation. In order to achieve the effect of euphemism, passive sentences are often used in Business English, which is quite different from Chinese. Therefore, when translating English passive sentences into Chinese, there is no ready-made corresponding way of expression, but we need to select some appropriate means from the rich sentence patterns and auxiliary words according to Chinese idioms to show the passive meaning of the original.