有很多的譯員在口譯時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些錯(cuò)誤，那么是什么原因?qū)е陆?jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的譯員也會(huì)出現(xiàn)如此錯(cuò)誤呢?下面就讓上海臻云人工翻譯機(jī)構(gòu)為大家介紹一下吧!
Many interpreters make some mistakes in interpreting, so what causes experienced interpreters to make such mistakes? Let Shanghai Zhenyun Manual Translation Agency introduce them to you.
1.“卡”在生詞
1. "Card" is a new word
一段錄音中往往總是有一些難詞或生詞，許多考生就“卡”住了，沒有跳過去聽完全文，而繼續(xù)停留在這一個(gè)詞上，結(jié)果影響了對(duì)全文的理解。
In a recording, there are always some difficult words or new words. Many candidates are "stuck" and do not skip over to listen to the full text, but stay on this word. As a result, the comprehension of the whole text is affected.
一般來說，口譯段落中難詞或生詞的意思很容易從上下文中猜出。如一次口譯考試出現(xiàn)這樣的句“Beautiful parks and gardens leak onto interesting lanes and footpaths, while houses and buildings of old times stand magnificently on the hills of the city.”很多考生卡在“leak onto”，但從上下文，我們可以猜出大概的意思是“到處是”，如果猜不出這個(gè)意思，就可簡(jiǎn)單地說“美麗的公園里有一些趣味盎然的小路”。
Generally speaking, the meaning of difficult words or new words in an interpreted paragraph can be easily guessed from the context. For example, in an interpreting exam, the sentence "Beautiful parks and gardens leak on interesting lanes and footpaths, while houses and buildings of old times stand magnificently on the hills of the city." Many candidates are stuck in "leak on", but from the context, we can guess that it means "everywhere." If we can't guess the meaning, it can be simplified. To put it simply, "There are some interesting paths in the beautiful park".
2.記筆記貪多貪全
2. Take notes for greed and greed
考生記筆記往往是前面記得很詳細(xì)，后面來不及，因此翻譯出來的東西是虎頭蛇尾。筆記不宜過多，過多的筆記會(huì)干擾對(duì)大意的把握，特別是英譯漢部分。一般來說，口譯筆記應(yīng)記錄一些重要的概念、邏輯關(guān)系以及一些孤立的、難以記憶的內(nèi)容，比如數(shù)字、專有名詞等。
Candidates often take notes in front of the very detailed, later too late, so the translation of things is a tiger's head and a snake's tail. Notes should not be too many, too many notes will interfere with the grasp of the intention, especially in English-Chinese translation. Generally speaking, interpretation notes should record some important concepts, logical relations and some isolated and hard-to-remember contents, such as numbers, proper nouns, etc.
3.不熟悉口音
3. Not familiar with accent
試題往往采用英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)國(guó)家各種人員的錄音，考生如果聽錄音少，就會(huì)感覺不適應(yīng)。考生要熟悉連讀、爆破等語(yǔ)音知識(shí)，平常要多聽錄音和看原版片和中央電視臺(tái)的SUNDAY TOPICS，上海電視臺(tái)的NEWS AT TEN等。
Examination questions are often recorded by people from English-speaking countries. If candidates listen to less recordings, they will feel inappropriate. Candidates should be familiar with voice knowledge such as continuous reading and blasting. Usually, they should listen to audio recordings and watch the original film, SUNDAY TOPICS of CCTV, NEWS AT TEN of Shanghai TV, etc.
4.“卡”在長(zhǎng)句
4. "Card" in long sentences
口譯考試針對(duì)的是正式場(chǎng)合的翻譯，因此英語(yǔ)的句子有時(shí)會(huì)很長(zhǎng)，有時(shí)一段話只是一句句子。平常要注意書中的定語(yǔ)從句和包含分詞短語(yǔ)的長(zhǎng)句。
Interpretation examinations are aimed at translating on formal occasions, so English sentences can sometimes be very long, sometimes a paragraph is just a sentence. Attributive clauses and long sentences containing participle phrases should be paid attention to.
另外，考生可以調(diào)整句子的排序，只要把意思表達(dá)清楚就可以了。
In addition, candidates can adjust the order of sentences, as long as the meaning is clearly expressed.
5.欠流利
5. less fluent
“漢譯英” 表現(xiàn)尤為明顯，原因是英語(yǔ)不流利，不停地修正自己的發(fā)音和用詞，以至于耽誤了時(shí)間。練好口語(yǔ)是第一步。
"Chinese-English translation" is particularly evident, because English is not fluent, constantly revise their pronunciation and use of words, so as to delay time. Practicing oral English well is the first step.
6.不熟悉聽力內(nèi)容
6. Not familiar with listening content
不熟悉聽力內(nèi)容，就導(dǎo)致思考的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)、無(wú)法在規(guī)定時(shí)間里完成翻譯?？谧g考試相當(dāng)于小型的口譯實(shí)戰(zhàn)，因此考生應(yīng)注意觀摩和學(xué)習(xí)口譯案例，如觀看記者招待會(huì)和一些英語(yǔ)訪談節(jié)目，如DIALOGUE。
Unfamiliarity with the content of listening leads to too long thinking time to complete the translation within the prescribed time. Interpretation exams are equivalent to small-scale interpreting practice, so candidates should pay attention to watching and learning interpreting cases, such as watching press conferences and some English interview programs, such as DIALOGUE.
7.心理緊張
7. Psychological tension
很多考生由于緊張，連中文都會(huì)聽錯(cuò)，把“顯現(xiàn)”聽成“獻(xiàn)血”而翻譯成“donate blood”，還常把自己會(huì)的單詞說錯(cuò)，比如說，“better andbetter”說成“gooderandgooder”等等。平常多做一些?？己蛯?shí)考題會(huì)幫助你逐漸克服心理緊張，另外，練習(xí)公眾演講會(huì)幫助你在壓力下發(fā)揮正常。
Because of their nervousness, many candidates even misheard Chinese. They translated "donate blood" into "donate blood". They often mispronounced the words they knew, such as "better and better" as "gooder and gooder" and so on. Usually doing more model and practical exams will help you gradually overcome psychological tension. In addition, practicing public speaking will help you to play normally under pressure.
8.詞匯量不夠
8. Inadequate vocabulary
漢譯英和英譯漢中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)因詞匯量不夠翻譯不好，英譯漢多表現(xiàn)在“漏譯”，英譯漢多表現(xiàn)在“死譯”?？谧g者并不要求能懂每一個(gè)單詞，關(guān)鍵在于能使原文意思清晰準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)出來。著名口譯專家達(dá)妮卡?塞萊絲科維奇在她的書中這樣提到：“譯文實(shí)際上是解釋性的翻譯，是譯員對(duì)原講話的一種解釋和注釋，…以易于接受的方法轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給聽者。”譯員在翻譯時(shí)，是再現(xiàn)說話人的思想，而不是對(duì)原文的文字進(jìn)行一一對(duì)應(yīng)。另外，考生要注意平時(shí)的積累，閱讀CHINA DAILY, TIME, BEIJINGREVIEW,SHANGHAIDAILY，SHANGHAISTAR,NEWSWEEK等報(bào)刊對(duì)提高詞匯將大有裨益。
In both C-E and C-E translations, poor vocabulary translation occurs. English-Chinese translations are mostly "missed translation" and English-Chinese translations are mostly "dead translation". Interpreters do not need to understand every word. The key is to make the original meaning clear and accurate. Danica Seleskovich, a well-known interpreter, said in her book, "Translation is actually interpretative translation, an interpreter's interpretation and annotation of the original speech,... To convey it to the listener in an acceptable way." When translating, the translator reproduces the speaker's thoughts rather than making a one-to-one correspondence with the original text. In addition, candidates should pay attention to their usual accumulation. Reading CHINA DAILY, TIME, BEIJINGREVIEW, SHANGHAIDAILY, SHANGHAISTAR, NEWSWEEK and other newspapers will be helpful to improve vocabulary.
9.“語(yǔ)不驚人死不休”的心理
9. The Psychology of "Speaking Incessantly"
有些考生程度不錯(cuò)，但口譯的時(shí)候由于總是想用一些特別優(yōu)美的詞，因此耗費(fèi)了時(shí)間，雖然某個(gè)單句聽上去不錯(cuò)，但由于時(shí)間的安排不合理，可能后面就要出現(xiàn)漏譯。口譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是“準(zhǔn)、順、快”，做口譯練習(xí)時(shí)，一定要按照這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行練習(xí)。關(guān)鍵是信息的準(zhǔn)確。另外，口譯考的是“技能”，而技能的獲得是*日積月累的努力，希望考生把功夫花在平時(shí)，打好基礎(chǔ)，取得好成績(jī)。
Some candidates are good, but because they always want to use some very beautiful words in interpreting, it takes time. Although a single sentence sounds good, due to the unreasonable arrangement of time, there may be omissions later. The standard of interpretation is "accuracy, smoothness and speed". When doing interpretation exercises, we must practice according to this standard. The key is the accuracy of information. In addition, the interpreting test is "skills", and the acquisition of skills is a cumulative effort, hoping that candidates will spend their time in peacetime, lay a good foundation, and achieve good results.
10.多米諾骨牌效應(yīng)
10. Domino Domino Effect
大部分考生在做英譯漢第一段時(shí)都特別緊張，沒聽懂原意翻得不好，影響了后面的情緒。如抱著放棄第一段的心理，把注意力放在“聽懂”而不是“翻譯”，這樣非常有利于把握這一篇的大意，考生便能預(yù)測(cè)下文將出現(xiàn)什么，這將保證下面幾段譯文的質(zhì)量。
Most of the candidates are very nervous when doing the first paragraph of English-Chinese translation. They do not understand the original meaning well, which affects the mood behind them. If you abandon the first paragraph and focus on "understanding" rather than "translation", it will be very helpful to grasp the main idea of this article, and candidates will be able to predict what will happen next, which will ensure the quality of the translation of the following paragraphs.
